Critical Studies on the Quranic Exegesis

Critical Studies on the Quranic Exegesis

Verses Related to Ahl al-Bayt in the Tafsīr of Muqātil b. Sulaymān: An Attempt to Criticize His Views

Document Type : Promotional article

Authors
hamed dejabad 1
Narges Damirchi 2
1 Associate Professor of Qurʾān and Hadith Sciences, Farabi Campus, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran.
2 MA student of Qurʾān and Hadith Sciences, Farabi Campus, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran.
Abstract
Among the verses that are discussed and disputed in the Shi'ite interpretations and Sunni interpretations, there is a difference in the interpretation of the verses related to the Ahl Al-Bayt (AS).Examining the interpretation of Muqatil ibn Sulayman, which is one of the old Sunni interpretations, shows that Muqātil under many of these verses refers to  He did not consider them as members of the Ahl Al-Bayt (pbuh) and considers them to be about other people, but examining the views of other Sunni commentators, many of which are against Muqatil's view, raises doubts about the validity of Muqatil's view about these verses.The present research, with a comparative-analytical method, after presenting the opinions of Muqātil ibn Suleiman under the relevant verses, has collected the views of some sources of Sunni interpretation under these verses.The examination of these interpretations shows that, unlike Muqatil, many narrations There is evidence of the virtues of the Ahl Al-Bayt (AS) in these interpretations. The results of the present research indicate the weakness of Muqatil's point of view about these verses and cause his opinion to be rejected about the related verses.
Keywords
Tafsir Muqatil bin Sulaimān
Virtues of Ahl Al-Bayt
Tafsir Al-Farīqiyn
Tābi˓ī Interpretator

Subjects

  • Holy Qurʾān.
  • Āqābozorg Tehrānī, Moḥammd Moḥsen, Al-Ẓarīʿa ilā Tasānīf Al-Shīʿa, Beirut, Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1402 AH.
  • Ālūsī, Maḥmūd b. ʿAbd Allāh, Rūḥ Al-Maʿānī fī Tafsīr Al-Qurʾān Al-ʾAẓīm, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1415 AH.
  • Ibn Abī Ḥātam, ʿAbd Al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad, Tafsīr Al-Qurān Al-ʿAẓīm, Riyaḍ: Maktabat Nazār Muṣṭafā Al-Bāz, 1419 AH
  • Ibn Shahr Āshūb, Muḥammad b. ʿĀli,Manāqib Āli abi Ṫalib, Yūsuf Al-Baqāʾī, Beirut, Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1412 AH.
  • Ibn Kathīr, Ismāʿīl, Tafsir Al-Qurān Al-ʿAẓīm, Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1402 AH.
  • Ibn Mardawayh, Aḥmad b. Mūsā, Manāqib ʾAlī b. Abīṭālib wa mā nazzala min Al-Qurʾān fī ʾAlī, Qom, Dār Al-Hadīth, 1422AH.
  • Ibn Nadīm, Muḥammad b. Isḥāq, Kitāb Al-Fihrist, ed. Riḍā Tajaddod.
  • Ibn Ḥibbān, Muḥammad, Al-Majrūḥīn, ed. Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Ziyd, Mecca, Dār al-Bāz.
  • Baghawī, Ḥusiyn b. Masʿūd, Maʿālim Al-Tanzīl, Beirut, Dār Ihyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿĀrabī, 1420 AH.
  • Bayḍāwi, ʿĀbdullah b. ʿŪmar, Anwār Al-Tanzil, Beirut, Dār Ihyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿĀrabī, 1418 AH.
  • Tīrmīdhī, Muḥammad b. ʿIsā, Al-Sunan, ed. Aḥmad Muḥammad Shākir, Beirut.
  • Taftāzānī, Masʿūd b. ʿUmar, Al-Muṭawwal fī Sharḥ Talkhīṣ Al-Miftāḥ, Beirut, Dār Iḥyā al-Turāth al-ʾArabī, 1425 AH.
  • Thaʿlabī, Aḥmad b. Muḥammad, Al-Kashf wa Al-Bayān, Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1422 AH.
  • Juwaynī, Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad, Farāʾid Al-Simṭayn, ed. Muḥammad Baqir Maḥmūdī, Qom, Majmaʾ Iḥyā al-Thiqāfa al-Islāmīya, 1415 AH.
  • Ḥākim Niyshābūrī, Muḥammad b. Abdulla, Al-Mustadrak, ed. Yūsuf ʾAbd Al-Raḥmān Al-Maʾashlī, Beirut, Dār al-Maʾ
  • Ḥaskānī, ʿUbaydallāḥ b. Aḥmad, Shawāḥīd al-Tanzīl, Tehrān, Wīzārat Irshād Islāmī, 1411 AH.
  • Khatīb Baghdādī, Aḥmad b. ʾAlī, Baghdād History, Medina.
  • Khārazmī, Muwaffaq b. Aḥmad, Al-Manāqib ʾAlī b. Abī Ṫālib, ed. Mālek Maḥmūdī, Qom, Islamic Publishing Foundation, 1411 AH.
  • Khūʾī, Abul-Qāsim, Muʿdjam Al-RidjālAl-Ḥadīth, Qom, Markaz-e Nashr-e Āthār-e Shīʿe, 1413 AH.
  • DezhĀbād, Ḥāmed and Khodāparast, Aʾẓam, "Comparative study of the eighth verse of Ensan Surah from the viewpoint of Faryqeyn", Mashreq-e Moʾūd,  Volume 8, Issue 30, February 2014.
  • Fakhr Rāzī, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar, Al-Tafsīr Al-Kabīr, Qom, Maktab al-Aʾlām al-Islāmī, 1411 AH.
  • Zamakhsharī, Maḥmūd b. ʿŪmar, Al-Kashshāf, Beirut, Dār al-Kītāb al-ʿArabī, 1407 AH
  • Suyūṭī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. AbīBakr, Al-Durr Al-Manthūr, Qom, Marʿashī Library, 1404 AH.
  • Shūshtarī, Qāḍī Nūrullāh, Iḥqāq Al-Ḥaq wa Izhāq Al-Bāṭil, Qom, 1405 AH.
  • Shahristānī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Karīm, Mafātīḥ Al-Asrār wa Maṣābīḥ Al-Abrār, ed. Moḥammad ʾAlī Ādharshab, Tehran, Mīrāth Maktūb, 1376 SAH.
  • Ṭabāṭabāyī, Moḥammad Ḥuseyn, Al-Mīzān, persian tranlation by Moḥammad Bāqer Mūsavī, Qom, Jamāʿa al-Mudarrisīn, 1374 SAH.
  • Ṭabarānī, Sulaymān b. Aḥmad, Al-Muʿjam Al-Kabīr, Beirut, Dār al‑Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1406 AH.
  • Ṭabarsī, Faḍl b. Ḥasan, Majmaʿ Al-Bayān, ed. Moḥammad Jawād Balāghī, Tehrān, Nāser Khosro, 1372 SAH.
  • Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr, Jāmiʿ Al-Bayān, Beirut, Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1412 AH.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. Ḥasan, Al-Rijāl, ed. Jawād Qayyūmī, Qom, Jamāʿa al-Mudarrisīn, 1373 SAH.
  • Al-ʿAllāma al-Ḥillī, Ḥasan b. Yūsuf, Khulāṣat Al-Aqwāl, Holy Mashhad, Āstān Qods Razavi, Islamic Research Foundation, 1381 SAH.
  • Qurṭubī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad, Al-Jamiʿ li Aḥkām Al-Qurʾān, Cairo, Dār al-Kutub Al-ʾArabī, 1387 AH.
  • Qumī Mashhadī, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad Ridhā, Kanz Al-Daqāʾiq wa Baḥr Al-Gharāʾib, ed. Husiyn Dagāhi, Tehrān, Ministry of Culture and Guidance Publishing House, 1411 AH.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir b. Muḥammad Taqī, Biḥar Al-Anwār, Beirut, Dār al-Wafāʾ, 1403 AH.
  • Maʿrefat, Moḥammad Ḥādī, Tafsīr va Muffasirān, al-Tamhīd Institute, 1379 SAH.
  • Muqātil b. Sulaymān, Al-Tafsīr, ed. ʿAbdullāh Maḥmūd Shaḥāta, Beirut, Dār Ihyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1423 AH.
  • Makārem Shīrāzī, Nāṣer, Tafir Nemūne, Tehrān, Dār al-Kutub al Islāmīyya, 1371 SAH
  • Molāyīnīyā, ʾIzzatullāh, " Between Sunni and Shiʿite Narrations; A Critical-Comparative Study on (Q. 2:207)'s Occasion of the Revelation", Comparative Interpretation Research,  Volume 7, Issue 2 - Serial Number 14, November 2021.
  • Nāvashkī, Rasūl, Introduction of Muqatil ibn Suleiman (the author of the Great Tafsir), Furūgh-e Vaḥdat, Volume 6, Issue 21, December 2011.
  • Najjārzādegān, Fatḥullāh, Thematic interpretation of holy Quran: Teachings about the virtues and rights of Ahl al-Bayt (AS) in the Qurʾān, Qom, Research Institute of Hawzeh and University, 1398 SAH.
  • Nawawī, Yaḥya b. Sharaf, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim Bisharḥ Al-Nawawī, Beirut, Dār Al-Kutub Al-ʾArabī, 1407 AH.
  • Wāhidī, ʿAlī b. Aḥmad, Asbāb Al-Nuzūl, ed. Kamāl Zughlūl, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1411 AH.
  • Ḥeythamī, Nūr Al-DīnʿĀlī b. AbīBakr, Majmaʿ Al-Zawāʾid, Beirut, Dār al-Kītāb al-Arabī, 1402 AH.
Critical Studies on the Quranic Exegesis
Volume 4, Issue 1 - Serial Number 7
September 2023
Pages 305-338

  • Receive Date 08 April 2023
  • Revise Date 19 June 2023
  • Accept Date 19 June 2023